Cultivator



(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 1.

G. E. PATRIC. GULTIVATUR.

No. 383,541. Pateed May 29, 1888.

u A f/v) M v/ 4 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No Model.)

C. E. PATRIC.

GULTIVATOR.

Patented May 29, 1888.

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 3.

G. E, PATRIO. GULTIVATOR.

No. '383;54L Patented Maly 29. 1888.

lnvenon (No Model.) 4 sheets-sheet 4.

G. E. PATRG.

GULTIVATOR.

No. 883,541. PatentedMay Z9, 1888.

N. persas, hum-Limugnphun wz-hingw@ uA c.

Diarree dramas Parana* Ormes.

CHARLES E. PATRIO, OF SPRINGFIELD, OHIO.

CULTIVTO R.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 383,541, dated May 29, 1888.

Application filed December 28, 1887. Serial No. 259,256. (oniodel.)

To @ZZ whom, it may concern.:

Be it known that I, CHARLES E. Parere, of Springeld, Clark county, in the State of Ohio, have invented a new and Vuseful Improvement in Oultivators; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full and accurate Vdescription of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, wherein- Figure 1 is a perspective view of my inachine. Fig. 2 is a plan of saine. Fig. 3 is a perspective rear view of the cultivator on one side. Fig. 4 is a vertical section through one of the rear drawbarjoints. Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the front draw-bar coupling. Fig. 6 is a side elevation ofthe machine. Fig. 7 is a perspective view of the front ofthe standardcoupling with parallel draw-bars. Fig. 8 is a perspective view of a port-ion ofthe frame, showing the securing devices for one of the arches and for the springrods.

My invention relates to that class of cultivators which are provided with bearingwheels, some of which are walking cultivators and some riding cultivators.

As between the wheel-cultivator and the 11o-wheel cultivator, the difference is that in the former the shovels or teeth are carried by the wheels and subject to the constant control by the attendant, and may be easily moved laterally while advancing to follow any irregularity in the line of the plants or to vary the line of advance for any other cause, while in the latter the cultivator runs on the shovels and is not capable of such variation of its course.

rIhe cultivator shovels or teeth are arranged in groups of two or three shovels, each group being provided with its own draw-bars, and capable of independent lateral movements as the machine advances, and with capacity for lateral adjustment. These conditions are not affected whether the attendant rides or walks.

In cultivators having wheels and shovels easily moved laterally it is important that the shovels shall maintain their parallelism with the line of advance, because if they assume a position oblique to the line of advance the resistance ofthe earth will tend to disturb their proper action. It is also important that the shovels shall be maintained in their vertical position, because if their Obliquity tothe horizon is changed the resistance of the earth will be changed also. These requirements are well known, and the devices herein shown for answering them are not claimed, broadly.

The devices which are claimed will be particularly described hereinafter.

A is the tongue of my machine, constructed in some usual and proper manner. It may be provided with a seat, I), for the driver, and large bearing-wheels G, and thus constitute a riding-cultivator; or, if preferred, it may have no seat and be a Walkingcultivator.

D is an arch7 usually constructed of suitable round iron, properly bent and fastened to the tongue-frame by suitable clips. The extrelni ties of the arch-bar are turned outward horizontally to constitute wristbearings for the coupling'sleeve E, to which the forward ends of the draw-bars F are attached.

It the machine is designed to be used as a walking-cultivator, the wheels may also be placed on the ends ofthe arch D; but it' it is designed to attach a seat for the driver, then a second arch, G, is added and fastened to the tongue-frame A a sui'licient distance at the rear of the arch D, and the wheels O are placed on the horizontal ends of thislast-nained arch, so that the driver will be located far enough to the rear to enable him to manage the cultivators conveniently, while the bearingwheels will be far enough to the rear to balance the drivers weight properly. The arches D and G are supported by proper brace-rods, 71, z'. In wheeled cultivators the shovels are more easily and freely movable, both-laterally and vertically, while the wheels of the machine advance in straight lines, so that the shovels may follow the sinuosities ot" theline ofplants, moving from side to side as necessary to avoid plants which stand in the way, and also may be lifted up clear of the ground to pass over some obstruction or to go out of action for transportation. The draw-bars F are there` fore jointed to the sleeve E, with a vertical axis, by means of the coupling f, so that the draw-bar may swing laterally on saidjoint and said sleeve rotate on the horizontal. extremity of the arch D to permit the draw-bars to move in a vertical plane. It is highly useful that the shovels Kshall maintain their parallelism with the line of advance,`and therefore said shovels are attached together, and, as a single structure, are coupled to the sleeve E by two parallel draw-bars, as shown; but this is not new.

It is highly important that in their lateral movements the shovels shall atall times maintain their parallelism with a vertical plane, because if they are canted over or become oblique to that plane they tend to run into the ground in an oblique direction, and this irregular action must be constantly resisted by the attendant. This canting over is the effect oflooseness orlost motion in the verticaljoints, and to obviate it I make a double joint, or in effect a single long joint, which may be tightened at its extremities, and therefore kept in proper working order withoutlooseness or lost motion. These joints I prefer to make with two conical pintles, z m, cast or otherwise rigidly attached to a singlejoint-plate, N, which also has a recess or socket, p, to receive the end ofthe draw-bar F, which is secured therein by bolts. The pintles a m are severally seated in the sockets q, and, being in line, a single tension-bolt, s, having its head resting on the socket q, and its nutresting under the pintle m, serves to tighten up both pintles simultaneously. Joints ofthe same character are employedat each end of the draw-bars.

If desired, a single long cone might be employed instead of two short pintles; but it would not be as strong nor as easily made or managed. When there are two parallel drawbars, there will be correspondingly two joints at front and two at rear, as shown in Fig. 2. I then find it convenient to employ a bar, O, which extends across and is provided with two threaded perforations to receive thescrew ends of the tension-bolts s. Therefore the nuts are restrained from turning, and I restrain the bolts s from turning by a spring-keeper, t, which is provided with a central bend to pass around a stud, u, while the free ends bear against the angular sides of the bolt-heads. The sleeve E is provided with a longitudinal rib, c, and thejoint-coupling frame f is provided with a corresponding groove, so that said frame may be moved along said sleeve for lateral adjustment. A set-screw fastens and holds it in the selected position. Said sleeve E is provided at its inner end with a crank arm, g, to which a balancing-spring may be applied to counterbalance the weight of the shovels and draw-bars, so as to render them easy to control and retain them in a lifted position. The sleeve E has also attached to it a cross-arm or bell-crank, L, and two draft rods or chains, a t, extending from this cross-arm forward to the draftrod M, said rods n o being respectively attached to the arm L above and below the axis of the sleeve E. The rods or chains n c are conveniently joined together at their front ends and attached to the draftrod M, and by shifting the point of attachment up or down along said bar M the arm L and sleeve E may be canted on their axis, and the points of the shovels are thereby pressed downward or upward, as the case may be. If pressed downward,ittends to make the shovels run more deeply. If pressed upward, it tends to make them run more lightly,bylifting them out of the ground or preventing them from running too deeply.

I am aware that this method of controlling the shovels is not new; but heretofore variations of it have been accomplished by elongating or shortening one or the other of the rods n v, while I do it in a simpler manner by moving the point of attachment up or down on the rod M. Two of the shovelstandards, a and d, are made in a single piece, from a bar of wroughtiron or other suitable material, suitably bent in the manner shown. This constitutes a double standard without joint, and therefore with maximum strength and lightness. On top of the transverse portion of said standard I place a plate, R, and bolt it securely. This plate R is provided on one edge with the sockets q q and on the other side with lugs a to receive and hold one extremity of the detachable center standard, a2. The lower joint-sockets, r, are formed on the cross-bar or plate B, which is bolted at its ends to the upright portion of the standards a d, respectively, and said crossbar is also provided with lugs a to receive and hold the standard a2 at a point below its attachment to the lugs a. The standard a2 is therefore easily removable, if desired. The plateR is also provided with a radial serrated surface, e2, and a correspondingly serrated plate, e3, is tted thereto with center clampingbolt, so that the plate c3 can he rotated and fastened in any position desired. The plate e3 is provided with a plate, c4, to which the handle D is bolted. A transverse slot in said plate e4 permits the inclination of the handle D to be changed, as desired, to adapt it to the height of of the walking attendant. The handle is therefore attached to the standard and partakes of its parallelism, so that the lateral movement of the extremity ofthe handles does not exceed the lateral movement of the shovels themselves. It has been common heretofore to attach the handle to the draw-bar, and it therefore partakes of its angular motion, so that the lateral movement of the extremity ofthe handle will exceed the movement of the shovels, as its distance from the pivot-joints at the frontend of the drawbars exceeds the distance of the shovels from the same pivot. This is a point of considerable importance, because it increases the distance which the hand of the attendant is required to move over in guiding the shovels. The counterbalancing-spring El is mounted on a rod, E3, which is coupled to the arm g at its upper end. Said rod passes th rough a plate, F', against which the springs bears. The tension of the spring E2, acting against the extremity of the arm g, tends to counterbalance the weight of shovels k and draw-bars when raised from operative position. When the shovels are down in the ground, the rod E3 is nearly or quite in line with the center of the sleeve E and the rod bearing in the plate F.

When it is desiredto have the shovels penetrate deeper or less deep, it is necessary to IOO IOS

change the point of attachment of the rod E3 to the arm g, and for that purpose said arm is provided with a series of adjusting holes, gir/2- The point of attachment of the rod FP and plate F requires change of adjustment, and heretofore this has been accomplished only by removing said rod from one hole in the plate F and placing it in another hole; but as it is necessary to employ a very strong spring this is a matter of some difficulty. To make this adjustment easy, I make a slot in the plate F' instead of a series of holes, so that the rod E3 can be pushed from one position to another, and to lock it in positionI make lever IJ, provided with fingers f, and pivot it at one end of said plate. W'hen closed over the slot s, the fingers j" divide said slot into several spaces, either one of which may be occupied by the rod E". A key, 7a.', retains the lever in operative position. The plate F is provided with an ear, whereby it may be attached to the tongue-frame A, and the hood f2 may be added to cover the angle of arch D and hold it in place without the use of staple-clips.

I-Iaving described my invention, I claim as new- 1. In a wheeled cultivator, a tongue or frame, A, draw-bars F F, and shovels attached thereto, combined with arches I) and G, each provided with rigid journals and either adapted to receive the wheels, substantially as and for the purpose described.

2. rIhe shovels K K, combined with the double standard a d, made of a single bar of wrought-iron or other suitable material, bent as shown, and with the bar B, and the intermediate standard, c, connecting the horizontal bars and carrying a shovel, for the purpose sit forth.

3. The double standard a d, made of a single bar of wrought-iron, combined with the capplate R, bolted to the horizontal part of said standard and the cross-bar B, said plate and bar being provided with the sockets q r, and the joint-plate N, provided with the cones z m and tiglitcningbolt, substantially as set forth.

4L. The shovel standards rigidly connected together, andthe parallel draw-bars F F, to which said standards are pivoted on two parallel vertical axes, combined with the handle D', mounted on the transverse bar of said standards, and means, substantially as described,

whereby the handle may loe adjusted to any desired lateral angle and partake of the parallel motion of the shovels and their standards.

5. The drag-bar F, the sleeve E, and the shovel-standard a d, rigidly but pivotally connected, combined with long joints composed of conical pintles z m, and the corresponding sockets, q i', and tightening-bolts, substantially as set forth.

6. The drawbar F, coupled at its end by long` axis-joints, composed of conical pintles z m, pointing in the same direction and coni- `biiied with corresponding sockets, q r, in axial line with each other, and the tighteningbolts s, as set forth.

7. The parallel drag bars F F and standards of a cnltivator rigidly secured together, provided with parallel joints, each composed of conical piiitles z in and sockets q r, combined with thejointbolts s, the bannut O, and the springkeeper t, as set forth.

S. The standards ri el, made inasingle piece, combined with the plate It, provided with lugs ct', the cross-bar B, provided with lugs a3, and the center standard, a2, detachablysecured to said lugs, as set forth.

9. The drawbars F, the sleeve E, to which Said draw-bars are attached, the cross-arm L, and the draft rods or chains it o at their rear ends, connected with said arm Ii at different sides ofthe axis ofthe sleeve E, and united at their front ends by a pendent draitrod, M, or

its equivalent, and means, substantially as de# scribed, for adjusting said front ends of the parts n o vertically upon said rod M, as set forth.

l0. The plate F, provided with a slot and a lever pivoted thereto and swinging parallel with the plate and across the slot, said lever provided with lingers, for the purpose set forth.

Il. rIhc draw-bar F, the sleeve E, its airing, the balancing-spring E2, and the rod E, conibiiied with a plate, Ff, having a slot, s', anda lever provided with lingcrsff.

12. The brachetplate F', provided with the hood j, to cover, protect, and secure the arch l), and the lever `with iingersff, as set i'orlh.

CHARLES Fi. FATRIG.

Witnesses:

Einwahl) S. BUGKWALTER, @Hannes S. KAY.

IOO 

